The New York City Subway System (Building America: Then and Now)In 1912, workers digging to create the Broadway Subway, north of Murray Street in lower Manhattan, hit a brick wall approximately 21 feet (6.4 meters) below the street surface. Breaking through the wall, the laborers came upon a tunnel 9 feet (2.7 m) in diameter and lined with eight- inch- thick (20.32 centimeters) bricks. Two rails led into a... | | Layers of the Earth (The Restless Earth)The Earth is made of layers, each with its own unique characteristics and processes that make it a vital part of the planet. The solid inner core, for example, is the farthest layer from the planet's surface, yet it provides much of the heat needed to fuel dramatic surface phenomena such as volcanoes and earthquakes. Likewise, the outer core... | | The Brooklyn Bridge (Building America: Then and Now)Opened on May 24, 1883, the Brooklyn Bridge is widely considered the greatest engineering achievement of the 19th century. This vision of designer John Augustus Roebling would be the longest bridge ever built at the time. During the 30-year construction period, the project withstood city politics, numerous construction conundrums and accidents, and... |