This comprehensive handbook, written by leading experts in the field, details the groundbreaking research conducted under the breakthrough GALE program--The Global Autonomous Language Exploitation within the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), while placing it in the context of previous research in the fields of natural...

As depicted in David Lodge’s celebrated novel Small World, the perceived size of our world experienced a progressive decrease as jet airplanes became affordable to ever greater shares of the earth’s population. Yet, the really dramatic shrinking had to wait until the mid-1990s, when Internet became widespread and the information...

Five years ago, we authored “Text Mining: Predictive Methods for Analyzing Unstructured Information.” That book was geared mostly to professional practitioners, but was adaptable to course work with some effort by the instructor. Many topics were evolving, and this was one of the earliest efforts to collect material for predictive...

Opening with the first and most basic elements of computer graphics, the book rapidly advances into progressively more complex concepts. Each of the elements,...

In response to the overwhelming success of the 2000 symposium, its organizers...

This book will address the advances, applications, research results, and emerging areas of optics, photonics, computational approaches, nano-photonics, bio-photonics, with applications in information systems. The objectives are to bring together novel approaches, analysis, models, and technologies that enhance sensing, measurement,...

The setting and attainment of goals is a fundamental aspect of human decision making, which is manifest in the modern discipline of operational research by the technique of goal programming. Influences from the fields of mathematical programming and multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) can be found in goal programming, and it is...

Social network analysis applications have experienced tremendous advances within the last few years due in part to increasing trends towards users interacting with each other on the internet. Social networks are organized as graphs, and the data on social networks takes on the form of massive streams, which are mined for a variety of...

As fields like communications, speech and image processing, and related areas are rapidly developing, the FFT as one of the essential...

Nowadays it is hard to find an electronic device which does not use codes: for example, we listen to music via heavily encoded audio CD's and we watch movies via encoded DVD's. There is at least one area where the use of encoding/decoding is not so developed, yet: Flash non-volatile memories. Flash memory high-density, low power, cost...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the definite goal of understanding intelligence and building intelligent systems. However, the methods and formalisms used on the way to this goal are not firmly set, which has resulted in AI consisting of a multitude of subdisciplines today. The difficulty in an introductory AI course lies in conveying...

What is the theory of computation all about? The theory of computation embodies the principle by which computers have become the basis of modern digital technology, which makes a computer perform as desired, and which, consequently, has led to the prosperity of our advanced information society (just as physical sciences constitute the...